L-CITRULLINE DL-MALATE
CAS No.: 54940-97-5
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Specification Available: Food Grade
Product Description of L-CITRULLINE DL-MALATE
L-Citrulline DL-Malate is a compound formed by L‑citrulline and DL‑malic acid. It naturally exists in watermelon and other fruits, while industrial products are mainly produced by microbial fermentation and chemical synthesis. L‑citrulline is obtained via glucose fermentation, and DL‑malic acid through chemical hydration; the two are combined by neutralization and crystallization to form the final product. It promotes nitric oxide synthesis, improves blood circulation, enhances exercise endurance, relieves fatigue, accelerates ammonia metabolism and ATP production, and is widely used in sports nutrition, feed and health products.
Mechanism of Action of L-Citrulline DL-Malate
The core mechanism lies in the synergistic effect of L-citrulline and DL-malate:
1、Boost nitric oxide (NO) production: L-citrulline converts to arginine in vivo, which promotes NO synthesis, dilates blood vessels, improves blood flow, oxygen and nutrient delivery, and enhances exercise endurance.
2、Accelerate ammonia and lactic acid clearance: It participates in the urea cycle to metabolize excess ammonia and reduce fatigue. As an intermediate of the TCA cycle, malate helps metabolize pyruvate and decrease lactic acid accumulation, relieving muscle soreness.
3、Enhance ATP synthesis: Malate directly supports mitochondrial energy metabolism, speeds up ATP regeneration, delays physical exhaustion, and improves physical performance and post-exercise recovery.
The Benefits of L-CITRULLINE DL-MALATE
1. Enhance athletic performance and endurance
This is the core function of this supplement.
Increase nitric oxide (NO) production: L-citrulline is converted into L-arginine in the body, which in turn raises the level of nitric oxide in the blood. Nitric oxide can dilate blood vessels (vasodilation), increasing the flow of blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the muscles. This is often referred to as the “pump” effect and helps maintain performance during high-intensity training.
Improve aerobic and anaerobic capacity: Studies have shown that supplementing with citrulline malate can enhance aerobic endurance and may increase the number of repetitions or total work output in anaerobic exercises such as weightlifting and sprinting.
2. Alleviate muscle fatigue and soreness
Clear ammonia and lactic acid: During intense exercise, muscles produce ammonia and lactic acid, and the accumulation of these metabolic byproducts is one of the main causes of fatigue. Citrulline is involved in the urea cycle, which helps accelerate the clearance of ammonia; malic acid participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle), which aids in energy production and the metabolism of lactic acid. The combination of the two is believed to significantly delay the onset of fatigue.
Reduce delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS): Multiple studies have indicated that taking citrulline malate before exercise can reduce muscle soreness within 24 to 48 hours after exercise and speed up recovery.
Lower perceived exertion (RPE): Users often report feeling “less tired” at the same intensity, allowing them to complete more training volume.
3. Promote energy production
ATP regeneration: Malic acid is a key intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and directly participates in the generation of ATP (the energy currency) within cells. During high-intensity exercise, it helps maintain the rate of creatine phosphate resynthesis, thereby supporting explosive power output.
4. Support cardiovascular health
Improve blood flow and blood pressure: Due to its ability to increase nitric oxide levels, long-term or short-term supplementation may help improve arterial stiffness, regulate blood pressure, and optimize overall vascular endothelial function. This also has potential benefits for middle-aged and elderly individuals or those at risk of mild hypertension.
Who is suitable for taking L-Citrulline DL-Malate ?
L-Citrulline Malate, due to its unique dual mechanism (enhancing blood flow + optimizing energy metabolism), is suitable for a wide range of people, not limited to professional athletes. The following are the main categories of people who are suitable for using this supplement:
1. Strength trainers and bodybuilding enthusiasts
This is the core user group for this supplement.
Needs: Pursuing a greater “pump” (muscle fullness), increasing training volume (more repetitions per set), and shortening recovery time between sets.
Benefits: By increasing nitric oxide levels, it improves muscle blood flow, helping to break through bottlenecks in heavy compound movements such as squats and bench presses; at the same time, it reduces post-training muscle soreness and accelerates recovery.
2. Endurance athletes (running, cycling, swimming, etc.)
Needs: Delaying fatigue onset, improving oxygen uptake efficiency, and reducing lactic acid accumulation.
Benefits: Malic acid participates in aerobic energy cycles, and citrulline helps clear ammonia (a toxin that causes central fatigue). Studies have shown that it can help long-distance runners or cyclists maintain their speed for longer periods at the same intensity or in the second half of a race.
3. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and CrossFit participants
Needs: Performing multiple explosive outputs in a very short time and requiring rapid recovery from hypoxia.
Benefits: This type of exercise places extremely high demands on both anaerobic and aerobic systems. Citrulline malate can support the resynthesis of the phosphagen system (explosive power) and aerobic metabolism (recovery) simultaneously, making it very suitable for this mixed energy supply model.
4. People who easily experience extreme fatigue or muscle soreness after exercise
Needs: Regardless of the level of exercise, if they experience severe delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) or slow recovery after each workout.
Benefits: Its ability to clear metabolic waste (ammonia and lactic acid) can significantly reduce the soreness the next day, allowing them to train more frequently without being troubled by injuries.
5. Middle-aged and elderly people (concerned about cardiovascular health and muscle loss)
Needs: With age, vascular elasticity decreases, nitric oxide production capacity weakens, and muscle synthesis efficiency declines (risk of sarcopenia).
Benefits:
Cardiovascular: Helps improve vascular endothelial function, assists in regulating blood pressure, and promotes overall blood circulation.
Muscle maintenance: Improving blood flow to the muscles helps with nutrient delivery, and when combined with resistance training, it can help middle-aged and elderly people better maintain muscle mass.
Note: This group must consult a doctor before use, especially those taking blood pressure or heart medications.
6. Men with mild erectile dysfunction (ED)
Needs: Seeking a natural, non-prescription aid to improve blood flow.
Benefits: Since citrulline can increase arginine and nitric oxide levels in the body, thereby relaxing vascular smooth muscle, it has a certain auxiliary improvement effect on mild vascular erectile dysfunction (although the effect is usually weaker than prescription drugs such as sildenafil, but with fewer side effects).
7. Vegans
Needs: Lack of certain specific amino acid sources in the diet.
Benefits: Although citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that the body can synthesize, its demand increases significantly under high stress (such as high-intensity exercise). Vegans who feel their exercise performance is limited or recovery is slow may benefit from supplementing with exogenous citrulline.
People who are not suitable or need to use with caution
Although it is relatively safe, the following groups must consult a doctor before use:
People with low blood pressure: Due to its vasodilating effect, it may cause blood pressure to drop further, leading to dizziness or fainting.
People taking specific medications:
Nitrates (used to treat angina, such as nitroglycerin).
PDE5 inhibitors (such as Viagra/sildenafil, tadalafil).
Antihypertensive drugs.
Reason: Overuse may cause low blood pressure and pose a risk.
Patients with severe kidney or liver disease: Citrulline is involved in the urea cycle and the metabolism of ammonia. Those with severely impaired liver or kidney function may have their ability to metabolize amino acids affected. Use should be under medical supervision.
Pregnant and lactating women: There is insufficient research data on the safety of this specific dose combination during pregnancy and lactation. It is recommended to avoid use or follow medical advice strictly.
Those allergic to citrulline or malic acid: Although rare, if allergic reactions such as rash or breathing difficulties occur, use should be stopped immediately.
The Application of L-Citrulline DL-Malate
1. Performance Enhancement (Core Application)
This is the most common and well-studied application of citrulline malate, often used by fitness enthusiasts and athletes as a “nitrogen pump” component or pre-workout supplement.
Delaying fatigue and reducing soreness: Citrulline participates in the urea cycle, helping to remove metabolic waste (such as ammonia and lactic acid) produced by high-intensity exercise from the body. Malic acid participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle), accelerating energy (ATP) production. The combination of the two can significantly alleviate delayed muscle soreness (DOMS) and improve endurance.
Enhancing “pump sensation” and blood flow: Citrulline is converted in the body to arginine, which promotes the production of nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide can dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow to the muscles, providing a better muscle congestion sensation (pump sensation), and delivering more oxygen and nutrients.
Applicable scenarios: Heavyweight lifting, sprinting, CrossFit, bodybuilding training, etc., for high-intensity anaerobic exercises, as well as competitive sports requiring explosive power and endurance.
Typical usage: Usually taken 30-60 minutes before training, with a dosage of 6-8 grams.
2. Cardiovascular Health Support
Assisting in regulating blood pressure: By promoting nitric oxide production, it helps dilate blood vessels, thereby assisting in maintaining normal blood pressure levels and reducing the burden on the heart.
Improving blood circulation: For people with poor peripheral circulation, it may help alleviate symptoms such as cold hands and feet.
3. Male Health and Sexual Function Improvement
Assisting in the treatment of mild erectile dysfunction (ED): Due to its ability to increase nitric oxide levels, citrulline malate is used as a natural adjunct to improve erectile hardness. Although its effect is not as rapid and strong as prescription drugs (such as sildenafil), it has fewer side effects and is suitable for those with mild disorders or those who wish to naturally regulate.
Usage differences: When used for this purpose, it is usually recommended to take continuously daily (rather than only before training), with a dosage generally ranging from 3-6 grams per day. Long-term adherence is necessary to see significant results.
4. Anti-fatigue and Energy Recovery
Chronic fatigue relief: For non-exercise individuals, if there is excessive ammonia accumulation in the body due to metabolic problems and they experience inexplicable fatigue and reduced energy, supplementing citrulline malate may help accelerate toxin elimination and improve overall energy levels.
Post-operative or post-illness recovery: In some clinical nutritional support, it is used to help patients restore protein metabolism balance and reduce muscle loss.
5. Food and Beverage Industry
Functional beverage additives: Widely used in sports drinks, energy drinks, and functional waters, as a selling point ingredient to attract consumers who are concerned about performance and health. According to industry analysis, the food and beverage industry accounts for approximately 65% of citrulline malate consumption.
L-Citrulline DL-Malate vs. Pure Citrulline
L-Citrulline DL-Malate: A compound salt of citrulline and malate, with dual effects on vasodilation and energy metabolism. Citrulline boosts nitric oxide and blood flow; malate supports the TCA cycle, enhances ATP production, and clears ammonia & lactic acid. It is stronger for fatigue resistance and ideal for athletes to improve endurance and recovery.
Pure L-Citrulline: Contains only citrulline, with a more focused function on increasing NO, improving blood circulation and cardiovascular health. It has weaker effects on energy metabolism and fatigue relief, making it more suitable for vascular health support.
In short: Choose citrulline malate for exercise performance and recovery; choose pure citrulline for blood flow and cardiovascular support.
Precautions for Using L-Citrulline DL-Malate
When taking L-citrulline DL-malate, there are some crucial precautions that need to be followed to ensure safety and maximize its effects. Although it is generally considered safe, improper usage methods may reduce efficacy or cause discomfort.
Here is a detailed list of precautions:
1. Drug interactions (most important)
This is the biggest risk point when taking this supplement, as it has vasodilatory (expanding blood vessels) and blood pressure-lowering effects.
Nitrates: If you are taking medications for angina pectoris (such as nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate), do not use them together without a doctor’s advice. The combination of both may cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, which can be life-threatening.
PDE5 inhibitors (erectile dysfunction drugs): Such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil. These drugs also act through the nitric oxide pathway and when combined with citrulline, may cause severe hypotension, dizziness, or even fainting.
Antihypertensive drugs: If you are taking antihypertensive drugs, combining citrulline may enhance the drug effect, leading to low blood pressure. It is recommended to closely monitor blood pressure and adjust the dosage under the guidance of a doctor.
Other vasodilator supplements: Avoid taking high-dose arginine (Arginine), beetroot extract (Beetroot), or other powerful “pump-like” pre-training powders simultaneously in large quantities to prevent excessive dilation of blood vessels, which may cause headaches or hypotension.
2. Gastrointestinal discomfort
Some users may experience digestive system problems when taking the supplement on an empty stomach or in large doses at once.
Common symptoms: Bloating, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, or a burning sensation in the stomach.
Response strategies:
Take with meals or half-empty stomach: If taking on an empty stomach causes discomfort, try taking it with a small amount of food. This may slightly delay the absorption rate (usually not significant).
Take in divided doses: If 8 grams cause discomfort at once, try dividing it into two (for example, take 4 grams 45 minutes before training, and another 4 grams 15 minutes before training).
Gradually increase: For the first use, it is recommended to start with a lower dose (such as 3-4 grams), observe the body’s reaction, and gradually increase to the standard dose (6-8 grams) over several days.
3. Time and timing of administration
To achieve the best performance enhancement for exercise, timing is crucial.
Best window: Usually 45-60 minutes before exercise.
Reason: Citrulline needs time to be absorbed and converted into arginine, which then increases the level of nitric oxide in the blood. If taken at the beginning of exercise, it may not have taken effect before the training ends.
Non-training days: If for long-term cardiovascular health or recovery, it can be taken in the morning or on non-training days. However, for those seeking “pump-like” effects and immediate exercise performance, taking it before training is mandatory.
4. Confirmation of dosage and ratio
The products on the market vary in quality. When purchasing and taking, carefully check the labels.
Effective dosage: Most clinical studies show that the effective dosage of L-citrulline DL-malate is 6-8 grams. Below this dose (for example, many capsules only have 1-2 grams) may not produce a significant performance enhancement.
Ratio check: Confirm the ratio is 2:1 (2 parts citrulline : 1 part malate). This is the most studied and effective ratio. Some cheap products may have too much malic acid and insufficient citrulline, resulting in a significant reduction in effectiveness.
Pure citrulline vs. citrulline malate: Pay attention to distinguishing “pure L-citrulline” and “citrulline malate”. If it is pure citrulline, the effective dosage is usually around 3-5 grams; if it is in the form of citrulline malate, 6-8 grams are needed to obtain the same amount of pure citrulline.
5. Hydration
Drink plenty of water: Guanidine participates in the urea cycle and helps remove ammonia (a metabolic waste) from the body. This process requires sufficient water to assist the kidneys in eliminating waste. If taken while dehydrated, it may increase the burden on the kidneys or cause cramps. Ensure adequate water intake during training and throughout the day.
6. Exclusions for Specific Groups
Herpes virus carriers: Although the evidence is not as conclusive as that for arginine, theoretically, guanidine can be converted into arginine. Arginine is an amino acid required for the replication of herpes viruses (such as cold sores, genital herpes). If you have a history of frequent herpes outbreaks, high-dose supplementation may trigger a recurrence. Such individuals should use it with caution or supplement lysine (Lysine) for balance.
Before and after surgery: Due to its effect on blood pressure, it is recommended to stop taking it at least 2 weeks before the planned surgery to avoid difficulty in controlling blood pressure during the operation.
7. Do not rely excessively
It is only an adjunct. If you have insufficient sleep, poor diet, or an unreasonable training plan, relying solely on guanidine will not significantly improve performance. It is a tool to “add the finishing touch” when the foundation is already in place.
Why choose to buy Chempora L-Citrulline DL-Malate ?
Choosing to buy L-Citrulline DL-Malate from Chempora offers several key advantages:
1. High-Quality Product
Chempora ensures that the L-Citrulline DL-Malate supplied is of high purity, meeting international quality standards, so you can trust its effectiveness and safety in formulations.
2. Reliable Sourcing
As a global supplier, Chempora has established partnerships with trusted manufacturers, ensuring a consistent and reliable supply of L-Citrulline DL-Malate.
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Through its international trade network and efficient sourcing, Chempora can offer cost-effective pricing without compromising quality, making it a great option for bulk purchasing.
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Chempora ensures that all products meet local and international regulatory requirements, whether for food, cosmetics, or pharmaceutical use, providing peace of mind regarding legal compliance.
5. Customization & Technical Support
Chempora offers customized packaging and provides technical support to assist with formulation, ensuring that thioctic acid works optimally in your specific product line.
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7. Global Reach
As a supplier serving a wide range of industries and countries, Chempora offers logistical advantages, ensuring timely delivery and consistent supply, no matter where you’re located.
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